Understanding Feline Nutritional Needs
Cats are obligate carnivores, meaning they require a diet primarily composed of animal-based proteins. Unlike humans or dogs, cats have specific nutritional requirements that must be met through their diet.
Protein
Cats need high levels of animal protein (at least 30-40% of diet) for muscle maintenance and essential amino acids like taurine.
Fats
Essential fatty acids (20-30% of diet) provide energy and support skin/coat health. Cats need arachidonic acid from animal sources.
Minimal Carbs
Cats lack enzymes to process high carbs. Limited carbohydrates (<10%) are ideal to prevent obesity and diabetes.
Hydration is Critical
Cats naturally have low thirst drives, having evolved from desert-dwelling ancestors. Wet food can provide 70-80% of their water needs.
- Always provide fresh, clean water multiple times daily
- Consider a water fountain to encourage drinking
- Mix water into dry food or switch to wet food for cats prone to urinary issues
Life Stage Nutrition
Kittens (0-12 months)
Higher protein/fat needs for growth (40-50% protein). Feed kitten-specific food and offer 3-4 small meals daily.
Adults (1-7 years)
Balanced diet for maintenance (30-40% protein). 2 meals daily. Monitor weight to prevent obesity.
Seniors (7+ years)
Easily digestible proteins, lower phosphorus. Watch for weight loss and adjust portions accordingly.
Feeding Best Practices
- Establish consistent feeding times rather than free-feeding
- Portion control is key - follow package guidelines or vet recommendations
- Avoid sudden food changes - transition over 7-10 days
- Warm wet food slightly to enhance aroma (never microwave - stir test temperature)
- Use puzzle feeders to stimulate natural hunting behaviors
- Clean food bowls daily and provide fresh water at all times